Prosthetic Limb – An Overview
Recovery after an amputation surgery is a physically and emotionally demanding process, especially when you’re preparing for and learning to use a prosthetic device. One of the most critical components of this rehabilitation process is movement and exercise. In this blog we’ll discuss the importance of exercise, the types of exercises that are beneficial, and how allied health professionals, such as exercise physiologists, can support you through this process.
Why Exercise is Essential
Exercise is crucial whether you’re recovering from surgery, or you already have your prosthetic device. The rehabilitation process and exercises will look different for everyone, so we advise consulting with an allied health professional to help guide your recovery.
Even though this process will need to be specific to the individual, there are some core goals and exercise related objectives that applies:
Maintain Strength:
Completing strength exercises is imperative both before and after a prosthesis is fitted to maintain muscle tone and prepare the residual limb for weight tolerance of the prosthetic device. Resistance training also enhances muscle endurance for long term prosthetic wear and improves your ability to control the prosthetic device.
Resistance training with bands or light weights desensitises the residual limb to neural input and stretch response that will likely be encountered with additional weight of the prosthetic.
Strength exercises will help maintain postural and core strength/ stability to prevent pain and posture changes resulting from side-to-side weight difference. Core strengthening exercise is particularly important in lower limb amputations to prepare the body for effective and efficient walking with a prosthesis.
Building and maintaining function in the rest of the body is also important, particularly the non-amputated limb.
Improve Range of Motion (ROM):
Improving and maintaining both passive and active range of motion in your joints around the amputated limb is very important to maintain function of the limb even before a prosthetic is fitted. ROM exercises can also help reduce the risk of developing contractures after an amputation, making the prosthesis fitting process much easier.
Maintain Cardiovascular Fitness:
Improving and maintaining cardiorespiratory health not only supports overall health but is also associated with better recovery after surgery and helps your body keep up with the endurance demands of using the new prosthesis especially lower limb prosthesis.
Optimise Balance and Coordination:
Balance and coordination are key aspects of completing day to day activities and walking. Implementing balance and coordination tasks with a lower limb amputation will help you learn how to stay stable when walking, moving from sitting to standing, navigating obstacles and reduce your risk of falling. It is also important to include balance and coordination training in upper limb amputations to reduce the risk of falls and coordinate everyday movements with the prosthesis.
The Role of Allied Health Professionals
Allied health professionals, especially exercise physiologists, play a critical role in your rehabilitation journey. They can:
- Design Personalised Exercise Programs: Tailored to your condition adjusted for the specific type of amputation and the functional needs required to operate your prosthesis.
- Monitor and Adjust Exercises: Ensure that you’re performing exercises correctly and safely, especially if you have an osseointegrated prosthesis, which requires caution around rotation forces.
- Provide opportunity to use prosthesis in session: Ensure you can safely practice using your prosthesis in sessions by interacting with equipment, picking up light weights and practice multitasking with prosthesis. These are all essential to fully integrating the prosthesis into your daily life.
- Provide Motivation and Support: Help you stay motivated and positive throughout your rehabilitation and guide you to independent exercise.
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